India Market Entry Guide for Foreign Companies: entry structures, FDI routes, FEMA compliance and the setup roadmap Foreign investment into India is permitted on the automatic route in most sectors, meaning the investor reports after the capital arrives rather than seeking prior approval. The most common vehicle is a wholly owned subsidiary incorporated as a private limited company under the Companies Act 2013, which can be incorporated in three to five weeks but typically needs eight to twelve weeks before it can lawfully invoice and pay salaries, once the authorised dealer bank account, FC-GPR reporting under FEMA, state-wise GST registration and payroll registrations are complete. Every Indian private company needs at least two directors, one of whom must have stayed in India for at least 182 days in the financial year. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023 applies from the first hire because employee data is personal data. Published by AMLEGALS, in practice since 1998, with ten offices across India; authored by Anandaday Misshra, Founder and Managing Partner. Contact [email protected] , +91-8448548549.
Foreign investment routes: automatic and government Entry structures available: wholly owned subsidiary, joint venture, branch, liaison and project office, LLP The eight-stage entry roadmap from board approval to first lawful invoice Recurring monthly and annual compliance obligations States and union territories: where to set up How to set up an AI company in India: structure, ownership and the first legal decisions DPDPA compliance for AI products: consent, purpose limitation and the erasure problem Training data in India: copyright, licensing and why fair dealing rarely helps Building an AI governance framework for an Indian subsidiary Setting up an AI or machine learning capability centre in India: tax, secondment and IP AI in healthcare in India: device classification, telemedicine and clinical liability AI in lending and credit decisions: RBI expectations for an Indian entity Generative AI and content liability in India: safe harbour, due diligence and deepfakes Procuring AI in India: contract terms that decide who carries the risk Protecting AI inventions in India: section 3(k), technical effect and the alternatives Setting up a semiconductor fabrication unit in India: approvals, incentives and land Assembly, testing and packaging units in India: the OSAT and ATMP legal pathway Fabless chip design in India: IP structure, talent and export controls Incentive schemes and clawback: reading the conditions before you sign Semiconductor and electronics joint ventures in India: control, technology and exit Importing high-value manufacturing equipment into India: duty, classification and disputes Protecting chip designs in India: layout-design registration, patents and secrecy Bringing foreign specialists to India for plant commissioning: visas, secondment and tax Deeptech entry into India: subsidiary, acquisition or reverse flip Space technology in India: authorisation, FDI and liability Drone manufacturing and operations in India: certification, airspace and data Electric vehicle and battery manufacturing in India: certification, incentives and battery waste Green hydrogen projects in India: land, power, offtake and bankability Quantum computing collaborations in India: research contracts, export control and IP Biotechnology in India: GEAC approvals, biodiversity access and clinical pathways Defence manufacturing in India: licensing, security clearance and offsets Setting up an engineering and R&D centre in India: IP, pricing and people EPC contracts in India: risk allocation, delay and the clauses that get litigated Machinery and capital goods manufacturing in India: factory approvals and product duties Industrial land in India: title, conversion and allotment conditions BIS certification and product liability in India: what manufacturers must hold Special economic zone units for services exports: benefits and constraints Contract manufacturing in India: tooling, quality and intellectual property Pharmaceutical manufacturing and CDMO operations in India: licences and quality Medical devices in India: classification, licensing and import pathways Food processing in India: FSSAI licensing, labelling and claims Textiles and apparel manufacturing in India: labour, buyer audits and compliance Chemicals and specialty manufacturing in India: consents, hazard rules and liability Renewable energy projects in India: PPAs, land and regulatory risk Data centres in India: land, power, licensing and data localisation Fintech and NBFC entry into India: registration, partnership models and conduct Insurance sector entry into India: ownership, control and IRDAI registration E-commerce in India: marketplace rules, seller relationships and consumer obligations Single brand retail in India: the 30% sourcing condition and store operations Logistics and warehousing in India: multi-state tax, leases and liability Automotive components in India: OEM contracts, tooling and warranty exposure Aerospace and MRO operations in India: DGCA approvals, leases and customs Mining and metals in India: concessions, clearances and community obligations Infrastructure and PPP projects in India: concession agreements and dispute exposure Robotics and industrial automation in India: safety, integration liability and IP