A dispute is a decision about record, forum, remedy and enforcement. AMLEGALS advises Indian and foreign businesses across commercial litigation, arbitration, tax and GST disputes, company and shareholder matters, and the enforcement of awards and judgments in India.
This page connects each type of dispute to the relevant AMLEGALS practice. The forum and remedy for any matter depend on the facts, the contract and the current law.
| Type of dispute | Typical scope | Usual forum | Continue to |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commercial and contract disputes | Breach, recovery, indemnity, injunction and damages arising from commercial arrangements. | Civil and commercial courts, or arbitration where agreed. | Commercial contracts |
| Arbitration | Domestic and international arbitration, interim measures, and award challenge or enforcement. | Arbitral tribunal with supervisory court support. | Arbitration |
| International and commercial arbitration | Cross-border and high-value commercial arbitration and related court applications. | Institutional or ad hoc arbitration and enforcement. | Commercial arbitration |
| Company and shareholder disputes | Oppression, mismanagement, governance and shareholder-agreement disputes. | National Company Law Tribunal and appellate forums. | Shareholder disputes |
| Tax and GST disputes | Assessments, demands, classification, refunds and departmental proceedings. | Departmental authorities, appellate tribunals and courts. | GST litigation |
| Enforcement | Enforcement of contracts, awards and judgments against assets and obligations. | Execution and enforcement proceedings before the relevant court. | Discuss enforcement |
Secure documents, communications, approvals and evidence, and identify limitation periods and mandatory notices before positions harden.
Review the contract, subject matter, parties and value to identify the correct forum and the remedies realistically available.
Consider interim protection, security, injunctions and steps to prevent dissipation of assets or loss of evidence.
Manage pleadings, evidence, procedure and hearings, and coordinate any regulatory or parallel process.
Pursue negotiated resolution where appropriate, or carry the matter to award, order or judgment.
Plan and pursue enforcement against the relevant assets, obligations or parties in India.
As early as possible. The record, notices, limitation periods, interim protection and choice of forum are often decided before proceedings begin, and early advice helps preserve evidence and remedies.
Not always. The route depends on the contract, the parties and the remedy required. Arbitration, negotiation, mediation, regulatory process and court proceedings each apply in different circumstances and are assessed against the facts.
Enforcement in India depends on the type of award or judgment, the country of origin and the applicable statutory framework, subject to defined grounds on which recognition or enforcement may be resisted. Each case is assessed on its facts and the current law.
The forum depends on the subject matter, any dispute-resolution clause, the parties, the value and the remedy sought. Commercial contracts, company law matters, tax disputes and regulatory action each follow different procedural routes.
No engagement should be treated as accepted until conflicts, scope, terms and the responsible AMLEGALS team are confirmed in writing.
Share the parties, the nature of the dispute, any contract or forum, the remedy sought and any immediate deadline for a confidential preliminary scope discussion.